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Sains
Malaysiana 54(4)(2025): 1089-1099
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5404-10
Enhanced Functional Characteristics
as a Cholesterol-lowering Bioactive Peptide from
Kara Kratok Sprouts (Phaseolus lunatus L.)
(Ciri Fungsian yang Dipertingkatkan
sebagai Peptida Bioaktif Penurun Kolesterol daripada
Pucuk Kara Kratok (Phaseolus
lunatus L.))
CAHYO BUDIYANTO, ANDRIATI NINGRUM, AGNES
MURDIATI & RETNO INDRATI*
Department of Food and Agricultural
Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah
Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Received: 8 July 2024/Accepted: 17
December 2024
Abstract
HMG-CoA
reductase is an enzyme that converts HMG-CoA into cholesterol via the
mevalonate pathway, contributing to cardiovascular disease. The germination of
brown kara kratok (Phaseolus lunatus) mixtures, including dark
brown, light brown, or brown color pattern, specifically for 0, 24, 48, 72, and
96 h, yielded interesting results. The samples were measured for radicle
length, % inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase, type of inhibition, IC50 value, total protein content, amino acids, percentage degree of hydrolysis
(%DH), and molecular weight (MW), providing valuable insights into the
potential use of these biopeptides. The results showed that biopeptides from germinated kara kratok exhibited the ability as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.
Furthermore, the germination process increased its capability, from 46.79% in
beans to 83.77% in 72-h germination. The 72-h germination was observed to be
the best HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor as a competitive inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 335.09 μg/mL. This was supported by a total protein content of
27.76%, with glutamic acid (2.99%) as the dominant amino acid, followed by
phenylalanine, aspartic acid, leucine, serine, and arginine, %DH (26.26%), and
MW (5-15 kDa). Brown kara kratok sprouts possess the potential to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, and germination
increases its capability.
Keywords:
Biopeptide; germination; HMG CoA reductase; inhibition; Phaseolus lunatus
Abstract
HMG-CoA reduktase ialah enzim yang menukarkan
HMG-CoA kepada kolesterol melalui laluan mevalonat, menyumbang kepada penyakit
kardiovaskular. Percambahan campuran kara kratok coklat (Phaseolus lunatus),
termasuk corak warna coklat gelap, coklat muda atau coklat, khusus untuk 0, 24,
48, 72 dan 96 jam memberikan hasil yang menarik. Sampel diukur untuk panjang
radikel, % perencatan HMG-CoA reduktase, jenis perencatan, nilai IC50,
jumlah kandungan protein, asid amino, peratusan darjah hidrolisis (%DH) dan
berat molekul (MW), memberikan pandangan berharga tentang potensi penggunaan
biopeptida ini. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa biopeptida daripada kara kratok
yang bercambah menunjukkan keupayaan sebagai perencat reduktase HMG-CoA.
Tambahan pula, proses percambahan meningkatkan keupayaannya daripada 46.79%
dalam kacang kepada 83.77% dalam percambahan 72 jam. Percambahan 72 jam
diperhatikan sebagai perencat reduktase HMG-CoA terbaik sebagai perencat
kompetitif dengan nilai IC50 335.09 μg/mL. Ini disokong oleh
jumlah kandungan protein sebanyak 27.76% dengan asid glutamat (2.99%) sebagai
asid amino dominan, diikuti oleh fenilalanin, asid aspartik, leucine, serin dan
arginin, %DH (26.26%) dan MW (5-15 kDa). Pucuk kara kratok coklat mempunyai
potensi untuk menghalang HMG-CoA reduktase dan percambahan meningkatkan
keupayaannya.
Kata kunci: Biopeptida; HMG CoA reduktase;
percambahan; perencatan; Phaseolus lunatus
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*Corresponding author; email: indrati@ugm.ac.id
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